How Significant Was Greek Democracy In Its Development

How significant was Greek Democracy in its development during the Classical Greek Era? Classical Greek Era, one of the most advanced eras ahead of its time. However, what made the democracy that the Greeks established so significant to the Greece’s overall development? How did they do it? How did the Greek democracy last for long as it did? What factors caused the downfall of the infamous Greek democracy? Development of Athenian (Greek) Society Ancient Greece was the first to establish a democracy. In Greek democracy, every citizen was expected to participate or receive a punishment, but they had to be citizens, only twenty percent of Athenians were considered citizens, so only the free men could enjoy the rights and responsibilities that†¦show more content†¦In ancient Greece, only citizens could vote, therefore only men could vote for officials in their democracy. The citizens of Athens on assembly day, or the day of governmental voting, would gather in the agora, a fixture of every major Greek city-state was a large open space in the middle of the city-state that contained both a marketplace and government buildings. Citizens would speak about various topics based or pertaining to the issues of the day before the gathering for the assembly meeting. It was there where the citizens cast their votes and others would be marked with red paint if they fail to fulfill their political duties. How they would cast their vote was by marking their official choice with pieces of ostracon . This was done once annually, the purpose of voting was to randomly select citizens, rich poor and anything in between a slot in office but, soon citizens noticed that slots such as military slots need a set of special skills and attributes to get the job done effectively. The process of ejecting a person from office was called ostracism , it was the act of de-selecting a person from office and exiling them from the land for ten years. In theory, it is a deselection which means that they were disfavored by the citizens and were cast out of the favored social circle but worse. The citizens were the ones to decide if they should have it that specific year. If a candidate was selected, they would be forced to resign andShow MoreRelatedThe Persian Royal Road Improve Governing And Communism Essay1737 Words   |  7 Pagesgoverning and communism in the Persian Empire? The Persian Royal Road was very beneficial for governing and communication because it allowed people to go throughout the empire efficiently. According to the Behistun inscription, how does Darius the first justify his assumption to power and why is his relationship to Ahuramazda significant? He says that he has power because Ahuramazda gave him control of the kingdom. Because he was chosen by the god, nobody would ever think to question his authorityRead MoreThe Persian Wars Were Significant For World History1441 Words   |  6 Pagesafterward help form civilizations and promote future prosperity. The Greco-Persian Wars were significant for world history because they paved the way for the rise of democracy, emerging cultural advances, and formed the structure of the Eastern-Western divide in later civilizations, which eventually shapes the modern world. Initially, the wars began about 500 B.C.E. and lasted until 448 B.C.E. â€Å"Notably not all Greeks fought against the Persians; some were neutral, and others were allied with Persia.†Read MoreThe Battle of Thermopylae from Herodotus’ the Histories Essay1146 Words   |  5 PagesHerodotus recorded in his writing The Histories, was one of the most arduous and notable battles of western history. Herodotus was an extremely significant historian who lived during the 5th century B.C. In this primary source writing, he portrays how Xerxes was superstitious and tyrannical, how the battle informs you about the Spartan culture, how the values of Greek promoted society, and he displayed how significant the Persian invasion was on Greek development, for example, their political and intellectualRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words   |  6 Pagesstart it’s first direct democracy, philosophers set up the foundation on how to think, and great minds who discovered the basics of Science and Math to medicine and astronomy emerged from Greece. When the United States of America finally declared their independance from Britain, there was order needed. In result to the â€Å"breakup† between Britain, the first order of government in the United States was influenced by the Athens- the cradle of democracy. Ancient democracy was constructed in Athens aroundRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Cultures And Societies902 Words   |  4 Pagesevident by the many differences in cultures. These similarities and differences are the very foundation of how we think and learn. One of the major sources of similarities and differences across cultures is religion. A similarity across religions is a flood story. In Genesis, the flood represents the cleansing of the Earth by God. This too is shown in the Epic of Gilgamesh, though the cleansing was caused by a group of gods, not just one. While most religions also share the basic pillar of belief inRead Morehis112 r3 Ancient Civilizations and the Greek World Matrix1457 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Ancient Civilizations and the Greek World Matrix Complete the matrix by entering cultural, political, and economic developments that had lasting effects or that are significant of each civilization. The table includes one example. Civilization Cultural Developments Political Developments Economic Developments Mesopotamian Developed the beginnings of astronomy and mathematics Believed in many gods not just one. Emergence of Kings, exercised distinct political ratherRead MoreGreece And The European Union1709 Words   |  7 Pagesin a situation, process or system beyond which a significant and often unstoppable effect or change takes place. In this analysis, â€Å"tipping point† refers to the dilemma Greece faces. What are some of the questions the Greek crisis in the Eurozone may raise? How did the Greek sovereign debt crisis begin? How will the Greek crisis evolve? How will the crisis influence the future of European Union member states as well as the Continent as a whole? How should citizens in European countries understandRead MoreAp World History : Michael Foley1337 Words   |  6 Pageshands-on account of what was there 12,000 years ago, allowing us to see and deduce for ourselves how ancient civilizations operated. 1B: The first civilizations formed at around 10,000 BCE, when humans settled around the Fertile Crescent to plant crops like wheat, barley and cereal. Cereal’s property of sweetening when soaked in water, and fermenting over time were discovered, making it a significant grain that led to permanent settlements, and eventually, the development of civilizations. 1C: AncientRead MoreColosseum, Arch of Titus, Basilica of Constantine, Palace of Docletian1354 Words   |  5 Pagesthan the contributions done by Rome. Rome has not only shaped a significant amount of the Western civilization in various ways such as the architecture, forming of a republic, diffusion of culture, and spread of Christianity, but has also shaped the entire way of living done throughout the civilization. The Romans were known for having original ideas, being initiative, and finding ways to creating never before done architecture. It was so well done and detailed, that it soon became a type of RomanRead MoreEuropean Union Integration And Deliberative Democracy1138 Words   |  5 Pages2.0 European Union integration and deliberative democracy The European Union (EU) was established back in (REFERENCE) with the aim of (REFERENCE peace and economic prosperity). Since then, much has happened, and the EU is now considered more than just an economic collaboration. This brings along both new challenges and new opportunities when considering the future EU. Recent developments has shown an increasingly worry about the economic situation in the EU (REFERENCE GREECE AND SPAIN), which challenges

Persuasive Essay On Social Media - 1398 Words

When you correlate social media with a tech-savvy young adult, you can assume technology takes up most of our lives in the not so healthiest way. One of the ways we communicate with technology is through social media. Social media is a platform used for interaction towards different audiences. In addition However, social media has countless different platforms in today’s world. It is an essential part in people’s lives. Shaping the future, social media continues to become the innovation as time goes on. The social media platforms I often use are Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat. There are many benefits and reasons of social media platforms that explain why I use social media on a daily basis. The role of social media has definitely kept†¦show more content†¦Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat are the ones I use and consider social media because you can share information freely no matter the distance. I often use them for as an outlet for entertainment, online interactions, personal branding, and updates on what is happening in today’s society. On Instagram, users share photos of their lifestyle and put a caption to fit it. For my use, I often share post photos on special events like birthdays, family/friend gatherings, and sometimes show off things that I have accomplished. In the Times article, â€Å"The Secret Language of Girls on Instagram,† written by Rachel Simmons, she states, â€Å"Instagram lets users share their photos, and â€Å"like† and comment on their friends’. The competition for â€Å"likes† encourages creativity in young users, who can use filters and other devices to spruce up their images. And its simplicity â⠂¬â€œ it’s just pictures, right? -- comforts parents haunted by the cyberbullying they hear about on Facebook and Twitter.† The social norm for teenagers on Instagram is credible enough to know that users love posting about themselves. Although this may be true, I am guilty enough to say I do the same. For example, I post a lot of photos about winning awards and pictures of me going places; basically showing off what I do here and there. Myself and the majority of other Instagram users use Instagram because they receive the attention thatShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Social Media1531 Words   |  7 Pages In the world of social media people from all over the world are able to connect. However, is this connection really good? Are strangers being able to view your every move ok? Why not social media? You as a social media user are in charge of what your audience is able to see, but at the age of 12 are you really capable of understanding this power and controlling it? Adolescents under the age of 18 should not be allowed to have a social media account, where they can encounter potentially dangerousRead MorePersuasive Essay On Political Social Media1598 Words   |  7 PagesThapa 0 Thapa 0 Sanjaya Thapa Sherry Sharifian Govt 2305 26th October 2017 Political social media Political social media Daily, elected leaders turn to social media to communicate, promote or update status of their daily activities. They should however adopt best practices as they do this to avoid getting themselves into trouble. One such practice is to take time to think and formulate thoughts before posting anything. They should also have strict policies in place to govern how they get word outRead MoreWhat Is Public Relations ( Pr )?1492 Words   |  6 Pagesconnection with media, communication, news, advertising, marketing and even other fields, meaning that with the evolution and development of the society, science, technology and media, the definition of PR is changing as well. Nowadays, the prevalence of information age and the rise of the new media age may become key factors of defining what is PR and how PR is applied. Shirley Harrison who is a famous person in the history of PR, she claims that â€Å"Public relations is a persuasive activity, undertakenRead MoreCritic al Analysis: Social Media Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesAnthony Moye ENGL 101 Sec. 5 Fall 2012 They Say / I Say Essay 1 Critical Analysis: Social Media Find me on Twitter, Facebook, and even MySpace, because we are here to change the world so â€Å"follow† me. I have read the writings of Malcolm Gladwell and Dennis Baron to analyze and write about. They have both presented different points and ideas on the significance of social media and how it has affected our world past and present. Gladwell’s essay, â€Å"Small Change: Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted†Read MoreAnalyzing Persuasive Techniques in Old Spices The Man Your Man Could Smell Like Commercial1492 Words   |  6 PagesFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Department of English Language and Literature Analyzing Persuasive Techniques in Old Spices â€Å"The Man Your Man Could Smell Likeâ€Å" Commercial Student: Mia Sarić Course: English Language 1 Course Instructor: Irena MeÃ… ¡trović Ã…  tajduhar, M.Ed. Ac. Year: 2012/2013 This essay covers persuasive techniques used in the video commercial for Old Spice deodorant, as well as the messages that lie in the heart of the very commercial. The essay will try to explain the techniquesRead MoreThe Problem Of Fast Food Restaurant1309 Words   |  6 PagesI wrote my first assignment which was a persuasive essay for English 1010 I had prior experience with this. This experience came from prepping for the ACT writing portion. I am able to properly make a stand point and argue. â€Å"Alternatives are present at varies food chains and at popular food chains. â€Å"But where, exactly, are consumers- particularly teenagers supposed to find alternatives?† Teenagers in this century are heavily controlled and impacted by media. They are easily able to find out whatRead MoreThe Ideas About Human Communication784 Words   |  4 Pagescommunication. People use persuasion every day whether they realize it or not. It can be negative and attempt to manipulate or dec eive. It can also be positive and come in the form of professional persuaders like clergy or motivational speakers. In this essay, I will attempt to persuade my readers of the direct and undeniable connection between human communication and persuasion. Let’s first explore the topic of human communication. There are three essential parts that make up the human communicationRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1392 Words   |  6 PagesNowadays, Internet and social media plays an important role in our life. You just ask someone such as a child, a teenager, or a old person; you ask a question â€Å"Do you know or have facebook?†, and almost people say yes. Following statistic, Facebook has 845 million users at 21st century; Facebook has an appreciable attraction for almost people. Most people have a smartphone in the hand to access social media easily, and it easily helps contact with family, friends, colleagues, and another relativesRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1392 Words   |  6 Pages Nowadays, Internet and social media plays an important role in our life. You just ask someone such as a child, a teenager, or a old person; you ask a question â€Å"Do you know or have facebook?†, and almost people say yes. Following statistic, Facebook has 845 million users at 21st century; Facebook has an appreciable attraction for almost people. Most people have a smartphone in the hand to access social media easily, and it easily helps contact with family, friends, colleagues, and another relativesRead MoreAnalysis Of Sherry Turrkle The Flight From Conversation958 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor of the Social Studies of Science and Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sherry Turkle, in her New York Times article â€Å"The Flight from Conversation†, identifies society’s declining ability to connect with each other on a person-to-person basis. Turkle’s purpose is to highlight the importance of human interaction with the absence of tec hnology. She supports her argument concerning technology’s negative implications on people’s interactions amongst each other by the following:

Metal Protection Crossion Free Essays

DBT 303 METALS PROTECTION ASSIGNMENT 1 1) 2) 3) What is meant by oxidation and reduction processes? What is meant by anode and cathode? Write both half reaction equations and total equations in an electrochemical cell that consists of Pb and Zn in their respective 1M ion solutions. 4) Write both half reaction from the total equilibrium electrochemical cell below? Define what happen for each half reaction? Calculate the voltage that is generated Zn + 2HCL-ZnCl2 + H2 5) What is meant by Corrosion Penetration Rate, CPR? (i) (ii) Define CPR. Give its unit. We will write a custom essay sample on Metal Protection Crossion or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) 7) 8) State three (3) corrosion medium? State the difference between EMF series and galvanic series that you know? What is meant by? (i) (ii) Corrosion? Corrosion rate? 9) One half of an electrochemical cell consists of a pure Nickel electrode in a solution of Ni2+. The other is a Cadmium electrode immersed in a Cd2+ solution. (i) If the cell is a standard one, write the spontaneous overall reaction and calculate the voltage that is generated. (ii) Compute the cell potential at 25? C if the Cd2+ and Ni2+ concentrations are 0. 5 and 10-3 M, respectively. Is the spontaneous reaction direction still the same as for the standard cell? 10) 11) Define passivity. Give an example of passivity. Briefly explain how passivity behaviour protects the metal surface from further corrosion. 12) 13) 14) 15) State two (2) examples of metals that displays passivity behaviour. Define erosion corrosion and how does it happen? What is crevice corrosion? Give an example of crevice corrosion. Where are intergranular corrosion always occur? How to prevent intergranular corrosion? 16) A piece of corroded steel plate was found in submerged ocean vessel. It was estimated that the original area of the plate was 15 in. 2 and approximately 2. 8 kg had corroded away during the submersion. Assuming a corrosion penetration rate of 180 mpy for this alloy in seawater, estimate the time of submersion in unit of years. The density of the steel is 7. 9 g/cm3. 17) 18) 19) 20) How does Activation Polarization occur? Explain about sacrificial anode and in what environment can be used? Explain about impressed current and how does it operated? Give four (4) common methods to apply metallic coating? How to cite Metal Protection Crossion, Essay examples

Immigrants Essay Example For Students

Immigrants Essay America. This word makes hearts of millions people around the world beats faster. This is the country that all people dreaming about and someone even trying to get into. It has been established that the luckiest people, the once that made to the United States. Nevertheless the people who emigrated to US are not that happy after all. Not because the US does not satisfy their believes of living, but because those immigrants left behind their world, and were transferred into the country which made their lives living hell; not knowing language, problems with unknown culture and customs, and of course financial problems. There is an enormous number of people who ready to give up all that they have in order to escape from the country where they live. The whole lists of such reasons can be written in a short period of time. It can be the whole complex: war in the region, poor existence, and even religion. When immigrants from Southern Italy came to New York, they found themselves in dumbbell apartments. These apartments were so close together that no sunlight ever reached the lower windows or back yards. During the late 1800s over 40,000 people were crowded into this small 17-block area. Diseases, such as tuberculosis, were a part of daily life. Even with these hardships, the residents of Little Italy built a lively and colorful community with the sights, sounds, and flavors of their homeland. The Italian population of New York Citys Little Italy has dwindled to fewer than 5,000 residents. Chinatown has expanded and replaced many of the original Little Italy neighborhoods. The Feast of San Gennaro (Fiesta di San Gennaro) is the most exciting annual event in the neighborhood, beginning on September 19th and continuing for nine days. During this celebration, Mulberry Street is renamed Via San Gennaro and the shrines and relics of this saint are paraded through the streets. The crowds en joy Italian foods of all types, as well as other ethnic dishes, and there is much singing and dancing. For visitors who enjoy eating, the restaurants in Little Italy offer reasonably priced food in quiet and friendly surroundings. Chinatown began as a small community of Chinese immigrants seeking work in the West so that they might send home wages to their families still living in the motherland. At the turn of the century, Chinatown was isolated and controlled by secret neighborhood organizations known as The Tongs. Some of the Tongs simply brokered loans within the community; others, such as the Hip Sing, had formed criminal organizations. Doyers Street was well known as the bloody angle, where gangs often carried out retribution against their enemies. The Tongs made a truce in 1933 that brought peace to the streets of an aggressive Chinatown. By 1940 the area had become home to many middle-class families. During the post-war era, businesses and immigrants from Hong Kong brought new wealth to Chinatown. Today, over 80,000 Asian Americans who trace their roots back to the East call Chinatown their home. The neighborhood is known for its excellent Chinese cuisine, but its highlight is the Eastern States Buddhi st Temple at 64b Mott Street. Inside the Temple, the sight of 100 golden Buddhas shimmering in the candlelight will delight visitors. The frequent festivals and parades, as well as the galleries and curio shops create a celebration of Chinese culture that is well worth a visit. .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf , .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .postImageUrl , .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf , .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:hover , .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:visited , .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:active { border:0!important; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:active , .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8afcda152b01c2ab2c202d85b042ffaf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Use of Contrasts in Act I of The Tempest EssayDuring the nineteenth century millionaires like the Astors and Vanderbilts had homes in East Village. But the waves of Irish, German, Jewish, Polish and Ukrainian immigrants who flooded into New York City in the 1900s soon displaced the elite, who moved uptown. Since then, the area has been home to the beat generation of the 1950s, Hippies in the 1960s, and later the Punks. The latest musical styles and avant-garde theater are presented here and the East Village contains the most varied assortment of ethnic restaurants in New York City. Their cuisine ranges from Indian eateries on the south side of East Sixth Street to McSorley s Old Ale House, a pub that seems unchanged since it first opened in 1854, located on East Seventh Street. Once the home of the Astor Library, the restored Public Theater has been the opening venue for many now-famous plays. A haven from the pressure of classes at New York University, students regularly gather around the Alamo at Astor Place. The Alamo is a 15-ft (4.5m) steel cube designed by Bernard Rosenthal that revolves when pushed. Across the street is the location of the old Astor Place Opera House. In 1849, trouble broke out here when English actor William Macready criticized American Actor Edwin Forrest. Forrests fans rioted and police killed thirty-four people. It was here, in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, that Italians, Jews, and Chinese immigrants first settled after arriving in New York. They settled in different neighborhoods, uniquely preserving the heritage of their homelands. The Italians, who made their homes in what became known as Little Italy, found themselves living in crowded, dimly lit tenement housing. It was not uncommon to find ten to twelve people living in one room. Today, there are less then 5,000 Italians living in Little Italy, but the smells of the Italian bakeries and restaurants can still be smelled around Mulberry and Grand Streets, the last vestiges of the Italian old-world neighborhood. Chinatown is New Yorks largest ethnic neighborhood with over 80,000 residents and growing rapidly. Hundreds of Chinese restaurants can be found here, most of which serve excellent food. During the Chinese New Year celebrations of January and February, puppet dragons rule the streets while the sound of exploding fireworks can b e heard everywhere. Jewish immigrants presence was located in and around Orchard Street. It was here that the New York garment industry began. Considered a stepping-stone to a new life, Jewish immigrants often moved out of the Lower East Side more quickly than their ethnic neighbors. Many of the large Jewish synagogues found here were eventually abandoned; however, restoration is now in progress. Shapiros Winery still remains, as does Streits Matzoh. Visitors can taste one of their 32 flavors of wine or try the delicious freshly baked unleavened bread as it rolls off the conveyor belts behind the counter. During the period from 1892 to 1954, nearly twelve million people entered the United States through the gates at Ellis Island. Forty percent of the population of America can trace their roots to an ancestor who passed through Ellis Island. In fact, at least seventy percent of all immigrants who came to America came through the New York port. Ellis Island came into being as a result of the U.S. Governments attempt to regulate the flow of the huge waves of immigrants coming to Americas shores. Federal law determined immigrants citizenship eligibility. As many as 5,000 people a day were checked, questioned and sent to their destination. For most people, the process took approximately 3 to 5 hours. For the unfortunate two percent, it was a grief-stricken return trip home. First and second-class passengers on many ships were processed on board, but third class and steerage were transported to Ellis Island. Once at Ellis Island, immigrants underwent medical and legal examinations at the ma in building. Originally 3-acres in size, Ellis Island expanded over the years to over 27 acres and 35 additional buildings. The islands facilities were always inadequate until immigration quotas stemmed the tide of immigrants in 1924. In that year, Ellis Island became a detention and deportation center for undesirable aliens. During World War I and II, the island was used as a medical facility for wounded servicemen and servicewomen, and as a training site for the U.S. Coast Guard. Ellis Island was closed on November 29th, 1954 and remained abandoned until May 11, 1965. At that time then-President Lyndon Johnson placed the care of the facility under the control of the National Park Service. To this day, Ellis Island remains a monument to the American ideals of hope, opportunity, and freedom.Words/ Pages : 1,412 / 24

Attending a Mosque during a Religious Services

Introduction Religious services in a mosque require strict observation of worship ethics and etiquette. Worship in a mosque entails subtle religious practices that are hard for a non-Muslim to practice. The unique and hard religious practices in the Mosque limit effective interaction of Muslims and non-Muslims causing more interreligious suspicion and doubt. The interreligious suspicion and doubt emanate from the preconceptions and misconceptions, which negatively affects interreligious interaction.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Attending a Mosque during a Religious Services specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are some preconceptions and misconceptions about Muslim religious practices during their worship services that lead non-Muslims to perceive Islamic religion as hostile and inhospitable. The multicultural and religious interactions have psychological implications to both the Muslims and the non-Mus lims. This essay will explore the religious services in a mosque, preconceptions and psychological interaction of Muslims and non-Muslims. Religious Service at a Mosque As aforementioned, the religious services at the mosque are unique and strange to a non-Muslim. Muslims do not allow anybody to enter their Mosque unless one is a Muslim or identified and given permission because the mosque is the most holy place and strangers who do not profess Islamic faith should not defile it by entering into it. The Quran prescribes standard etiquette and worship practices for the Muslims worldwide; therefore, there is no ambiguity in their worship due to the geographical location. The standard etiquette prescribes dressing code and worship practices, which must be followed strictly. The non-Muslims are required to learn the etiquette because if they do not follow them in the mosque, they are deemed to profane the mosque intentionally and this creates many fears to non-Muslims. If a non-Muslim h as to enter a mosque, he/she has to make formal request and upon approval, he/she can only enter when prayers are not session to be guided through the process of worship. Muslims have religious services at specific times of the day. Before entering into the mosque, Muslims are required to be in their dress code and to remove their shoes at the entrance. After removing their shoes, they proceed to the washing place where they wash their feet, hands and feet prior to praying. Inside the mosque there are no seats, instead a soft carpet is spread on the floor unlike in churches where the congregation use seats. The prayers of Muslims are recited while kneeling and bowing down facing Mecca followed by the Quran reading of the day then other routine prayer recitations follow. Conventionally, a male leads the worship service because women are strictly forbidden to enter mosque during their menstruation period, as they are unclean and unfit to worship. Smoking, eating, drinking and switch-o n phones are forbidden in the mosque for they interfere with the worship service.Advertising Looking for term paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Preconceptions of Non-Muslims The non-Muslims have many of preconceptions and misconceptions about Islamic religion and Muslims. There is misconception that associates Muslims with terrorists, violence and extremists. â€Å"This is the biggest misconception in the Islam; no doubt resulting from the constant stereotyping and bashing the media gives Islam† (Ahmad, 2008, p. 22). The media has stereotyped the Islamic religion and Muslims as violent, extremists and terrorists in the way they report events. For, terrorists are referred as Islamic terrorists, while instance countries are referred as Islamic countries but rarely do we have Christian countries. The Islamic religion has been associated with the vices in the society but in real sense, Islam is a peace-loving religion, which stands for total submission to God. Another preconception is that the Islamic religion oppresses women. The teachings of the Quran do not support the oppression of women as it teaches that, â€Å"the most perfect in faith amongst believers is he who is best in manner and kindest to his wife† (Ahmad, 2008, p. 23). The non-Muslims perceive the Islamic women as oppressed lot due to their lifestyles and dress code. The Quran requires both men and women to wear decent and modesty clothes that depict dignity to the people around at any instance; regrettably, many non-Muslims perceive this as oppression towards women. Freedom of wearing any dress code is against the Islamic teachings, and this does not amount to women oppression, as many would want to believe. There are other misconceptions concerning the way of worship and spread of Islamic religion. Majority of non-Muslims often presume that Muslims do not worship God the Creator, but they worship a le sser god, Allah. Nevertheless, this misconception arises from sheer ignorance. Allah is an Arabic word for God the Creator. â€Å"Muslims believe that Allah’s sovereignty is to be acknowledged in worship and in the pledge to obey His teaching and commandments, conveyed through His messengers and prophets who were sent at various times and in many places throughout history† (Ahmad, 2008, p .23). Christians too believe in the same God but the differences exist on matters concerning the prophets that were sent by God. In their case, Muslims believe that Allah send Mohammed. Other misconception about Muslims is that they spread their faith through jihad war, all are Arabs, men are polygamous and Mohammed is their God. With all these misconceptions, a non-Muslim will definitely fear to enter a mosque or relate with Muslims.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Attending a Mosque during a Religious Services specifically for you for only $16.0 5 $11/page Learn More Psychological Reactions Muslims believe that their religion requires total submission to God and they guard this belief zealously. The mosque also is the most a sacred place of worship where non-Muslims should not enter, as they will profane the holy place. On the other hand, non-Muslims harbor many misconceptions about Muslims. Therefore, if a Muslim encounters non-Muslim in a mosque during the course of worship, psychological mechanism of evaluation apprehension ensues. According to Myer (2008), â€Å"†¦when two or more people who, for longer than a few moments , interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as [us]† (p. 262). This happens in an interactive process of social loafing, facilitation and deindividuation. Social loafing occurs when the non-Muslim receives guidance through the process of worship, while social facilitation occurs when evaluation apprehension increases on the part of Muslims. In this case , they perceive that non-Muslims are watching their way of worship. Myer (2008) asserts that, â€Å"deindividuation represents a breakdown in evaluation apprehension because of decrease in self-consciousness, and an increase in group consciousness that can lead to more disinhibited behavior† (p. 263). The balance in social loafing, facilitation and deindividuation will give effective social interaction in the worship service. Conclusion Multicultural and religious misconceptions and preconceptions affect the effective interaction between people. The misconceptions and preconceptions of the Muslims and their religion limit the effective interaction of Muslims and non-Muslims in the mosque. For the worship service to be interactive despite barriers of misconceptions and preconceptions, the evaluation apprehension process requires reduced social loafing and increased social facilitation and deindividuation. References Ahmad, H. (2008). Misconceptions about Islam. The Islamic Jou rnal, 6(3), 20-27. Print. Myers, D. (2008). Social Psychology. New York: McGraw Hill.Advertising Looking for term paper on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This term paper on Attending a Mosque during a Religious Services was written and submitted by user Corey Rosales to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Physics Of Sound Essays - Acoustics, Waves, Sound, Free Essays

The Physics Of Sound Essays - Acoustics, Waves, Sound, Free Essays The Physics Of Sound Sound surrounds us at all times. The ring of an alarm clock or the whistle of birds may wake us up in the morning. Through out the day, we hear a variety of sounds; for instance, the banging of pots and pans, the roar of traffic, and the voices of people. When we fall asleep at night, we might listen to the sounds of frogs croaking or the wind whistling. All sounds have one thing in common. This being that the vibrations of an object makes every sound. When an object vibrates, it causes the air around it to vibrate. The vibrations in the air travel out from all directions of the object. They then reach our ears, and the brain reads them as sounds. Many sounds we hear travel through the air; however, they can also travel through solid objects like the earth. Our voice is made in the larynx, which is a part of the throat. Two small pieces of tissue are spread across the larynx. These pieces, called vocal chords, make the opening smaller. Air from he lungs quickly passes trough the tightened chords, causing them to vibrate. The vibrations make the sound of the voice. The tighter the chords are, the faster the vibrations and the higher the resulting sound. If a rock is thrown onto a still pond, several waves travel out from the place where the rock hit the surface. Likewise, sound moves in waves through the air or some other medium. The understanding that sound travels in the form of waves may have originated with the artist Leonardo Da Vinci in 1500. Generally, waves can be spread transversely or longitudinally. In both cases, only the energy of wave motion is spread through medium. No portion of the medium actually moves very far. As the waves caused by the moving object travel outward, they are carried by a medium. This movement causes compression. As the movements move backward it is called rarefractions. Sound requires a medium to travel; therefore, it cannot travel in space, which is a vacuum with no medium. The number of compressions and rarefractions per second is called frequency, The more rapidly and object vibrates, the higher the frequency. Frequency is measured in hertz. As the frequency of a sound wave increases, the wavelength decreases. Wavelength is the distance between one point on a wave to the corresponding point on the next wave. Most people hear sounds with frequencies that fall between 20 and 20,000 hertz. Many animals can hear sounds about 20,000 hertz. A persons voice can have a range of about 85 to 1,100 hertz. When sound waves leave one medium and enter another in which the speed of sound differs, the direction of the waves is altered. This change in direction results from a change in the speed of waves called refraction. Sound waves can also be refracted if the speed of the sound changes according to their position in a medium. The waves bend toward the region of slower speed. Sound travels farther when the air is cooler. During the day, the ground is warmer than the air above. Sound waves are bent away from the ground into the cooler air above, where their speed is slower allowing the sound to be heard over longer distances. The spreading out of waves as they pass by the edge of an obstacle or through and opening is called diffraction. It occurs whenever a sound wave encounters an obstacle or opening. Diffraction enables sound to be heard around a corner, even though no straight path exists from the source of the sound to the ear. If sound travels at about the same speed in both materials with the same density, little sound will be reflected. Instead, most of the sound will be transmitted into the new medium. If the speed differs greatly in the two mediums and their densities are greatly different, most of the sound will be reflected. The intensity of a sound is related to the amount of energy in the sound waves. Intensity depends on the amplitude of the vibrations making the waves. Amplitude is the distance that the object producing the sound travels as it vibrates.

Advantages of Studying Abroad and Being Bilingual Person Essay

Advantages of Studying Abroad and Being Bilingual Person - Essay Example I have noted that learning abroad and being multilingual helps a person in acquiring new contacts. In these days, people are advancing by creating a network of friends and acquaintances. As such, it will be easier to be connected to friends and acquaintances especially when looking for greener pastures (Cressey 127). Similarly, this is an avenue of making lifetime connections with people across the globe. This will be vital in getting updates from all over the world. As such, I will have new experiences in different parts of the world. Studying abroad is an avenue of advancing in academics and education. I have noted that people who have attended school in the world’s renowned institutions have a high quality of education. This is owing to the resources and high quality of tutors in the schools. Apparently, studying abroad is an advantage as most of the learners have all the required pieces of equipment and resources at their exposure. This makes learning easier and effective. Similarly, people that are educated abroad have a higher chance of getting well-paying jobs in the world. Since such people are bilingual, it makes working in different parts of the world easier (Cressey 111). In addition to this, learning abroad is a way of enhancing career development. The diversity of an individual in language and learning is an advantage.  

Analysis a passage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Analysis a passage - Essay Example ther support his claim, the author asserts that it is the presence of material gain that largely influences the association of people in the production endeavor. Their activities are geared towards an acceptable exchange that sustains livelihood. The only thing that keeps on changing is the forms of association exhibited by men. The reasons presented by the writer take into consideration the reality of the world and people in it. They address the real situation which depicts humans exhibiting the addressed behavior. Cooperation for acquisition of some benefits that are shared on agreed terms is a common thing. Therefore, what the author puts forward is trustworthy and realistic evidence. When men want to fulfill their needs and acquire something, they show cooperation with one another. That is not refuted. This passage explains to the people in the world how their relationships are structured. It helps them understand and evaluate their relationships for the sake of their gains. This is in accordance with the principle of genuineness in their associations. This implies that while engaging in the production of life, utmost honesty is

Health Sciences and Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Health Sciences and Medicine - Essay Example Students who pursue health and medicine courses were positively perceived as academic elites who deserved respect. I joined the institution knowing exactly what I wanted at the end of my studies and this enabled me to set my goals with utmost precision and clarity. Reflection, an introspective evaluation of the past experiences, achievements and challenges would be the best way to assess the academic progress so far (Jasper, et.al, 2013: 110). This academic year has stood out with many activities and experiences that have significantly impacted on my social and academic life through the journey towards achieving my educational goals. The fact that the institution provides a course outline early enough enables students to psychologically prepare for the oncoming course tasks. The reality of academic pursuit is personalized when one is issued with a course outline. I personally felt the challenge to start my course studies early enough and prior to the instructor’s commencement so I may be best placed to understand the concepts. Attributably, the good progress so far this academic year is as a result of strengths in my personality that have worked to my academic advantage. In an environment where time is far more precious, excellent time management skills have undoubtedly favoured me. I remember, sometime back, how much I struggled waking up early in the morning to prepare for the day. Although intrinsically I rated highly in general time management scale, waking up early in the morning was a daunting task.

Causes of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA)

Causes of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) Road accident fatalities are one of the major causes of death and injuries in Malaysia. Believed it or not, every years more people died because of road accident compare to diseases. Human factors, including their attitudes, carelessness and health contributed to almost all road accidents in this country and number keep on increasing every year and last year alone it shown increases of 397,194 cases in which fatal death accident note down 6,218 cases sources from Road Safety Department Malaysia (RSDM). In Asia, it estimated 400,000 people are killed because of road accident and about 4 million suffered injuries. Apart from that, about 15 million more suffered disability for life sources from Transport Research Laboratory, United Kingdom. The increasing number of road accident fatalities is contributed from the fast growing of economic, population, motorisation and the improvement development of the industrial sector in this country on wide scale. Each year, Malaysian has a new car o n the road due to most of Malaysian, affords to buy a new car each year. Last year alone, car sales peak up 2 percent nearly 536,905 vehicles said Aishah Ahmad (2010). The aim of this paper is to provide critical knowledge and understanding the causes and nature of accidents, statistical data regarding road accidents, social-economical context and impact towards my practise environment especially nursing profession. Hopefully, I critically enable too highlight the reflected issue. Nurse is a noble career. This career suit appropriate for a particular person with warm hearted, caring, concern and patience in accept challenges. A nurse has a great deal of responsibility in saving people lives like a doctor who are skillful medical expert and healer. Nurse as a healthcare provider, working shoulder to shoulder with doctors. In fact, the nurses presence indeed can make a difference between life and death. Im a nurse, working in Emergency and Trauma Department (ED), ED provides twenty four hours emergency care for the population of Putrajaya and Cyberjaya district and its surrounding area and responsible for the immediate recognition, evaluation, treatment, stabilisation and disposition of medical and surgical emergencies. Other emergency care services provided include Definitive Care Management, Pre Hospital Care, Call Centre and Disaster Management. As an ED nurse working at twenty four hours emergency care unit facing up with the increasing fatalities of road accident injury had burden up the workload towards nurses job itself. Delivering effective, accurate and carried out appropriate triaging system can be at stack. Why? Because of the stress amount had to carried out due to interpersonal attitudes, physical ability, shortage of working personal like doctor, nurses or assistant medical assistant (AMO), lack of appropriate equipment, working staff poor of knowledge and skill in dealing with patient with unstable conditions, that need to be treated quickly. Because time is such an essential factor in emergency treatment and proper triaging of patient in ED allows life-saving and first aid measures. In fact, triaging reducing patient waiting times that are in need of urgent attention and assessment on arrival. This will determine their priority of care, this was adapted from military medical practice as describe by Crouch R (199 2). The goals and the potential benefits of triage especially at ED is in assessing patient priority of care upon arrival, provision of life-saving and first aid interventions, reducing the anxiety frustration by quick assessment, provide information to patients and relatives, more efficient use of resources by early and appropriate directing of patient, it is according to the my department Patients Charter. The benefit of this assessment, able to direct patient to the most appropriate care area. Bailey. A (1997). Because of patient care increasingly needed on treating the sickest, the need for advanced practice nurse to provide and coordinate care in emergency rooms or trauma care has never been greater. In response to the increasing demand and changes within the scope of professional practice as a qualified nurse. There are few essential responsibilities carried out by nurses at ED. For instance, identifies Substantial psycho-emotion need by evaluate and assessing patient before distribute them for appropriate care area, age-specific plans for patient accordance to the standard nursing guidelines for proper care and treatment, perform constant observation of vital sign. Perform duties as a mentor and key player particularily in advanced area for other nurses and health care professional. In providing good quality nursing care as outlined by Nurses Act 1950 (Revised-1969). Currently and in future ahead nurses role will increase along side with the rising health consciousness and in need of good quality health care worldwide. In reality, nurses are one of a crucial component in patients recovery stated by Richardson LD (2001). As defined by Dictionary.com, nurse in ED is who has a nursing practice with formal post-basic education in holistic assessment, physical diagnosis, treatment and promotion of health. Similarly, Tritsch (1998), has observed that the transition into excited environments has highlighted the need for theory-based practice to new level. Nurse in ED performs all responsibilities or duties meets Nursing and Midwifery Board, Malaysia standard of service. There are still some debate about nursing roles in the ED, suggesting that there have been some erosion of conventional nursing value such as care, compassion and loyalty. The responsibility of nurses in ED needs to be clarified; as we know, nurses not practically care for non-critical patients as review by Watkinson S, (2006). The nurses role in ED is high recognisable and which is also allow the development of the nursing knowledge and skill. This includes triage, trauma care for patient in the entire areas of the ED as required. Jones (1990); found that normal practice in these departments was impossible to establish, such was the variety of skills of a medical practitioner being undertaken. In making these potential roles in patient care are to be realised, the ED nurse should not be viewed as a replacement to the junior doctor or AMO, but view as a professional with high qualities and skills said Hooker R (2006). In addition, there should be determine some appropriate scope of practice for ED nurse to established a position within the multidisciplinary team in enhance ED care. Theres should be inter-professional discussion to clarify the manpower, educational and professional/political implication of the ED nurse role. The implication of the ED nurse role system can provides towards the development of nursing practice in each trust on a multidisciplinary basis, providing of vicarious liability by the employing right for each ED nurse, providing appropriate education programmes i.e. ED nurse should retain a generic education programme such as Post-Basic in Advanced Emergency Medical Trauma Care (AEMTC) or separate module of high tertiary level of education in Degree or Master and also provide with short time programme development like MTLS(Malaysia Trauma Life Support), ACLS(Advanced Cardiac Life Support), BLS(Basic Life Support) and in PALS(Paediatric Advanced Life Support), but this unique opportunity not an effective resource whereby, possible de-skilling of the emergency nurse practice in other aspects of nursing care. There are many causes of accident on the road. Driving recklessly examples awful personal habits, speeding, lack of awareness, in proper or unacceptable behaviour and not wearing proper safety gear or attire especially for motorcyclist and other road user are some of the problems that contribute factor for accidents. According to a study by Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM, 2009), it shown nearly 500 drivers involved in road accident, it found out that some of car driver driving when sleepy, driving late night and driving for six to eight hours non-stop or lack of sleep, this linked up with a significant raise and risk of a car crash and would resulting in severe injury or death. Human error is a central element in accidents. Peter (1998) defined an error is a set of human series of action that exceeds level of tolerability. Usually, the normal judgment in behavior and human error is a departure from a normal human being. Reason (1990), reflect unsafe acts is an errors, mistake and violation. Errors can happen with or without conscious thought. It like an action that result from misinterpretation of the actual situation. In other words, mistakes are accidental behaviors that involve incorrect choice of inappropriate action for that particular situation. Routine violations come from the rules which involve behaviors, such as driving faster than the speed limit i.e.120 km/h. According to the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) Malaysia, the road accident fatality in Malaysia for year 2008 are 373,407 compared with years 2009 which is estimated 397,330 road accident. The difference is about 24,283 or 6.5 percent cases of road accident throughout the whole state of Malay sia. In the meantime, if comparing with other developed countries like Switzerland, Germany and the United States they have managed to reduce the percentage of road accident percentage from 1.9 percent to 1.4 percent said Road Safety Department, Malaysia. See appendix. The number of casualties due to motor vehicle accident (MVA) in the year 2009 for my ED alone stated up to 854 cases. Accident was the first main cause of hospitalization and cause of death for my hospitals. From recent analysis shown that, accidents are more commonly involved motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles. For 2009, the majority of emergency call for ambulance service which is my ED had this specialized mobilised team in attend patient involved in MVA for early stabilisation and treatment, followed by attending patient who had injuries at workplace and domestic accidents. The increasing of trauma cases were related to the coverage area involving the opening of Maju expressway and the increased of population of office area, commercial centre and housing area. See Appendix. Statistical analysis shown most of the admitted or received patient at my ED for 2005-2009 reported the significant case of head injury was due to MVA. It can be sub-divide into different type of category range from severe to minor head injury. See appendix. The most common cases involved in road accident fatalities caused by severe head injury with 86 patients out of 269 of total head injury suffered from MVA. About 90 percent of the total patient was in coma or with low GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale), the level of consciousness in most of the patient were 3/15 in scale. Enlighten with the government policies and needs on extended the roles of nurses at ED, provided with the underline guidelines and together with the ethical framework of professional practice. As highlighted the requirement for a safe standard of care, nurses have a responsibility to act accordance with rules and guidance which adopted the ethical theories of Deontology; where it is a special duty and obligation to specific people or community. Ethically it is a good practice for examples a healthcare worker have an obligation to protect and safe people who had an injury or in need of help. Here, I have identified six principles for professional practice can be widen; recognition that the nursing practice carried out meet the needs of patient, continually striving for skills and knowledge that provide safe and competent care delivery, recognize the personal limitation of skill and knowledge and effort to ensure meet of patients needs, identify the expansion role must maintain continu ously for safety of the patient care, recognition of the effort of other healthcare workers involved in patient care and provide treatment and lastly the ability to delegate task appropriately. These projections are affected to some and this in fact extent to our context where; in our modern society road accident constitute a major problem thus imposing a significant burden on the workload and financial resources to the government. Malaysia is one of the countries, who have the highest road accident fatality in comparing with among other Southeast Asia country. Road accident fatality causes this country losses man power or working power professional or non professional workers, causes property and infrastructure damage, medical billing burst up sky high, create poor productivity due to disability suffered from injury and lack of professional workers and other revenue maintenance management costly increased and this effect the country economic growth edited by Radin Umar (1998). An average compensation of insurance in the event of damage to or loss of property, life or a person has peak up tremendously. The increasing number of road accident fatalities could push the insurer to press on the insurance premium and the money paid up in the event of damage was a terrible lost of economic profit to the country. According to from Transport Research Laboratory, United Kingdom reported, during 2005-2009 between 750.000 and 880.000 people died in road accidents worldwide. Most of them from the developing and mid-develop countries. Globally, most of the productive age group was involved in the road accident fatalities and loss of disability. The General Insurance Association of Malaysia (PIAM) is concerned over the recent rise in accidents involving commercial vehicles definitely will definitely increased insurance compensation because generally, the whole nation not just Malaysia suffered the effect and economic burden of road accident fatality and its estimated about 500 billion dollar. This event causing the held back of social and economic development at large. It involved million of money compensation due to raise of death toll and injuries, costly medical bill, rigorous demand on resources in providing welfare service and contribution, economic growth below per-average, the state become p oorer due to loss of productivity. Conclusion I found out the current situation of healthcare in ED, nurses need to adapt to the constantly changing healthcare procedure, skilled and technique in treating a patient and find new ways to deliver good care-specifically in terms of make it more practical and effective nursing practice to a utmost level ED standard. Having seeing the increasing number of patients involved in road fatality and in-accomplished the goal for urgent-care centers and integrated standard of care of a patient in ED. Nurse are excellent in communicating with patients and in collaborate with other colleague of the para-professional team. Nurses can deliver an exceptional role in terms of reorganizing the ED standard of practice with the current emergency crisis. While road safety has long been consider one of the social responsibilities to the government of Malaysia. I believe this responsibility should not solely rest on the government because there are many ways that the private sector can support government road safety campaigns and initiatives. I hoped members of the private sector would participate and contribute to the effort of increasing road awareness. The government will carry on investing seriously on road safety campaigns in bringing down the fatality rate to below two for every 10,000 registered vehicles by 2020, on par with other developed countries. With the governments spending on multimedia awareness campaigns for road users and upgrading accident-prone roads for safer use is hopefully will further reduce road deaths. Of all road accidents in Malaysia, fatal accident justified a higher degree of concern. However, road authorities feel contend with the figures of 6,218 cases death for last year alone. Although studies shown that causes to most of the accident is because of the drivers themselves. The need for providing a safe and efficient road system has been a main concern to the Malaysian government. Extra measures have to be taken up such as aggressive road safety campaign awareness in civilizing and educate road user to abide by the law and road regulation. Other relevant agencies such as Ministry of Works, Malaysia (MOW) in providing a better and safer road and Ministry of Transport, Malaysia (MOT) constantly make an positive effort in order to improve traffic accident in Malaysia, alongside with the Ministry of Health, Malaysia (MOH) in providing better emergency aid management in attending and treating MVA cases and other government authority efforts to reduce traffic accident and to achiev e its targets, because prevention is better than cure as point up by Answer.com. Furthermore, positive steps have taken into respond by encourage people especially road user to shared care when go for work, encourage to use and support public transport, promote walking as part of health exercise and use of bicycle as an option to traffic congestion and for better and cleaner air for environment and to people to breath. As whole year, most Malaysian will witnessing and exposed with sizzling catchphrase advertisement throughout the radio, television, internet, poster, newspaper and giant electronic screen placed in most major city throughout Malaysia. Some of the phrase held like Stop on Red Light, Ware your seat belt, Celebration, Drive safely, Driving in patient and other sought kind of positive catchphrase. The campaign brought by Road Safety Council Malaysia (2010) and they will highlight on four main issue such as; road safety is a together and community effort and not a sole effort of a government, road regulation and rules is a mandatory ruling to be follow by all road user or bear-up will the summon and severe penalty, follow the law will reducing and avoid fatality and lastly if every citizen support this campaign with uncompromisingly. Hopefully, in future; collaboration between intra and inter government agency will improve more on road safety and nevertheless, the government could achieve road accident death toll to below par level. As it will also could, save million of Ringgit in term of property damage, working force and productivity loss and also medical cost.

Exemplification Essay: America Needs Leaders :: Exemplification Essays, Argumentative

Today, everyone is too concerned with the now to worry about the future. Of course, there are a few who scrimp and save a few dollars here and there so that they will have some when they retire. However, none represent the ideas or beliefs that are destined to change our society. So I ask you are all the idealists gone, or are they just too scared to stand up? Â   Throughout the course of history there have always been those who took a stand against society in order to further their cause. One example of this is Galileo facing the Inquisition of the Catholic Church due to his deep-seated belief in the heliocentric universe. His willingness to face all odds is what made so many become believers in his theory. Galileo did not back down, instead he chose to stand and fight for something he considered right. This is an admirable trait; however, he was not the only one. In our most recent selection "The Communist Manifesto" we are given a glimpse into one of the most renowned idealists ever: Karl Marx. His ability to 'stick to his guns' regardless of the outcome is what won millions to his cause. Even though he said that at his death he was "...the best hated and most calumniated man of his own time," he still made millions believers of a simple idea. An idea, a way of life which even he felt would be extremely hard to attain. Â   These men are not the only ones, there are many more throughout history: Newton who taught us about gravity, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and Patrick Henry who helped to found our country, and Einstein who revolutionized the way we look at the universe. The point however is to not hold these people in esteem, it is to find how they relate to our society and our time. Who today professes any kind of ideal which they are willing to fight and die for. Some may think politicians bring this kind of faith with their ideas, their promises for a better America.

Loneliness in Of Mice and Men Essay

Explore the issues connected with loneliness in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men. Loneliness is examined carefully in Of Mice and Men. In the world of itinerant ranch-hands, loneliness is an inescapable part of life and Steinbeck records this through the plot and characters in his novel. Being lonely is the lack of an emotional, mutual bond, which leads the characters to lose a sense of self-worth and dignity. This essay explores what Steinbeck discusses about loneliness in Of Mice and Men and how he uses the characters of Candy, Crooks, George, Lennie and Curley’s wife to express these views. George and Lennie are the most interesting starting point for such an exploration since they are the only two characters in the novel who are defined by their companionship rather than loneliness. George proclaims proudly to Lennie in the early pages of the novel, that itinerant ranch-hands, typical of the economic Depression in the USA in the 1930s, â€Å"are the loneliest guys in the world† but â€Å"with us [them] it ain’t like that†. Both George and Lennie know that their friendship gives them a future and gives their life purpose and significance. They want to own a farm where they can â€Å"live off the fatta the lan'† and rear animals; where their feeling of self-worth will not stem from gambling and prostitutes, but from their camaraderie-their importance to each other. On the other hand, other wandering workers â€Å"got no family† and they â€Å"don’t belong no place.† George and Lennie know that their companionship sets them apart-it makes them dignified enough to have a dream and think about putting down roots, a dream that most ranch-hands would have had at the time, but would never achieve. Other ranch-hands’ remained as ‘islands’, their lives cut off from anybody else’s. The fact that the bond between George and Lennie would have been rare-it is the only instance of true friendship between men in the novel-shows that at the time of the Great Depression, every man was for himself. Indeed, a few characters are suspicious of their friendship, thinking it financially exploitative: â€Å"You takin’ his pay away from him? †¦ Well, I never seen a guy take so much trouble for another guy.† The only reason their friendship exists is because Lennie is so simple; his vulnerability and dependence on George make him loyal and trustworthy, unlike any other ranch-hand. Although George says, â€Å"When I think of the swell time I could have without you, I go nuts,† he knows that Lennie’s presence makes him feel more important and confident than an average itinerant worker like him would normally-being in charge with Lennie makes him feel in charge of his life. Tragically, however, by the end of the novel this is what George becomes-an average itinerant worker; he has to kill Lennie and after losing the only emotional human connection he had, George’s dream and dignity are both destroyed: â€Å"He usta like to hear about it so much I got to thinking maybe we would [be able to have the farm.]† The fact remains that such an honest friendship has a flawed foundation-Lennie’s mental debility, although making a friendship possible, also makes him too vulnerable to make prudent decisions. Loneliness is thus inevitable for George and all his fellow wanderers. In many ways, George and Lennie’s relationship is mirrored by that between Candy and his dog. Again, Candy is able to gain true loyalty and trust only from a dog-a one-dimensional, vulnerable being. When the thick-skinned Carlson asks, â€Å"He ain’t no good to you †¦ Why’n’t you shoot him Candy?† the only answer Candy can produce is that he â€Å"had him so long†. Over the years, Candy has developed a special bond of care, as opposed to simple utility, with his dog. To Carlson, who can only understand the value of a person in terms of their practical usefulness, due to his experience of the Great Depression, this bond is meaningless. After his dog is shot, Candy is reduced to a useless old cripple, also encapsulated in solitude. The dog’s companionship had allowed Candy to cherish his past and be hopeful for his future, but now he has nothing to look forward to: â€Å"When they can me here I wisht somebody’d shoot me †¦ I won’t have no place to go an’ I can’t get no more jobs.† The dream farm tempts Candy, too, because he feels that owning a place will prevent him from becoming a lonely monument for passing ranch-hands to observe. His desperation for the farm is so intense that even after Lennie’s death he hopes George may work towards it, but to no avail-Candy too is destined to be alone, unknown and uncared for once he can no longer serve a practical purpose.

Theories of the Universe essays

Theories of the Universe essays There are many theories on how the universe came to be. After reading several articles I have found 4 theories in three articles that I find to be the most intriguing. Three of the four articles deal with new theories, and one of the four articles give evidence to support the Big Bang Theory. I have chosen this topic because, I found it one of the most interesting topics we discussed in our class during the discussion of the origin of the universe. In the first article, titled When Branes Collide a theory call the Epyrotic Theory states that the universe existed in static state for trillions of years; long before the period of fifteen millions that the big bang claims. Then, fifteen million years ago another universe, in another dimension, crashed into our universe. This collision caused our universe to heat up and expand into the universe, as we know it today. According to the theory there are branes (membranes) that exists in five dimensions. Some of these membranes that exist in this five dimensional space are infinitely long, parallel planes that are close correspondence to our universe (Cowen). Also, there maybe other universes floating in the fifth dimension, but cant be seen because particles and light cant travel threw this dimension. This fifth dimension is of infinite size and contains three-dimensional membranes that are on either side. In the original theory a third membrane comes off of the original membrane opposite of ours and collides with it; this in turn ignites the Big Bang. However, if this were to happen, the universe would contract rather than expand. In the new modified theory, one of the membranes moves steadily towards the other membrane, as they move closer and closer to each other the fifth dimension shrinks and the finally collapses after the membranes touch. Then, after the membranes touch the bounce off of each other causing the universe to expand and recreating...

An Intro to Teen Pregnancy in essays

An Intro to Teen Pregnancy in essays In my introduction I am going to answer the following questions: Is teenage pregnancy a problem If so, how big is the problem and how have other countries and communities tried to reduce it How does the national situation in Britain compare to that of other countries How has teenage pregnancy affected the community of Lewisham In this section I plan to take a detailed view of my community by using the statistics that have been given to me. Firstly, I am going to re-compile the statistics so that they are more readable and make for easier comparison. I plan to compare and contrast the data of different areas within my borough to identify trends and possible causes. I am also going to look at how the level of teenage pregnancy has changed over the last decade. From this data, I plan to make comparisons of different boroughs and then draw conclusions about the possible causes of teenage pregnancy in my borough. Factors That Influence the Rate of Teenage Pregnancy Economic - For this issue, I would like to focus on family income and the provision of sex education in schools. Moral and Social - I would like to discuss the change in our societys view on teenage pregnancy and single parents. I would also like to discuss the effect that peer pressure has on young people and to what extent it causes teenage pregnancy. Another important aspect in this area that I am going to discuss is the role that the media plays in changing social attitudes to various ways of living. Political - For this part, I am going to talk about the effectiveness that the governments policy has on reducing teenage pregnancy and also what other policies are being used throughout the world and what effect they have. I am also going to consider what the possible effects of introducing such policies will have on Lewisham and how they might work. I will be dealing with these sections separately, howe ...

ELECTROPHORESIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

ELECTROPHORESIS - Essay Example These are size, voltage, supporting media and buffer (electrolyte). Smaller molecules travel faster than larger molecules while high voltages cause faster migration than lower voltages. However, there is a limit to the voltage that can be used as very high voltages cause the gel to melt and affect resolution. Various solid supports have varying pore sizes and sieving properties thereby affecting the rate of mobility. The lower the strength of the gel the bigger the pore size and vice versa. The buffer, which is a function of pH, also affects mobility and separation. Therefore, the success of the procedure depends on the correct choice of buffer. There are two main forms of electrophoresis namely moving boundary electrophoresis and zonal methods (Holme and Peck 1998, p. 133). The moving boundary method uses a U-tube that contains the analyte in the lower portion of the U while the arms contain the buffer. An electric potential is directed to the buffer and the movement of the boundary with time matches the velocity of migration of the analyte. The most common application of the moving-boundary electrophoresis is during the investigation of the physical traits of molecules as well as in large preparative processes. Conversely, zonal techniques involve the application of the analyte on a large area of supporting medium. They are named according to the supporting medium used and include the various types of gel electrophoresis (agarose gel, SDS-PAGE etc), capillary electrophoresis, affinity electrophoresis, and immunoelectrophoresis (Gault and McClenaghan 2008, p. 169). They are often employed in the separation of proteins cont ained in serum and urine, haemoglobin, isoenzymes, and nucleic acids. Electrophoretic equipment may vary in appearance, but all of them retain a common basic design that includes a tank, supporting media, an electrolyte compartment, electrodes, a stable supply of voltage, and safety gadgets. A cover is often included to minimize

Children as Equal Family Members Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Children as Equal Family Members - Essay Example It was Jean Jacques Rousseau who first stated that he believed that children should be encouraged to develop as befitted them the best and that they should learn what they had an aptitude to learn. He stated that â€Å"We are born weak, we need strength; helpless, we need aid; foolish, we need a reason. All that we lack at birth, all that we need when we come to man's estate, is the gift of education.†1 His ideas were that children should be lead along a path where they could learn and acquire knowledge in a manner that appealed to them. He also believed that children should be allowed to learn things that came naturally to them and they found easy to understand instead of being forced to learn about things that they did not want to know. These ideas influenced the thought of many philosophers and educators who came after him and it is believed that many of the institutions that are still viewed as progressive in this modern day gain their original inspiration from a man who was never properly schooled himself. The fact that he was not schooled and yet still came to be viewed as one of the greatest and most original philosophers of his day is a testament to his theory since he taught himself everything he knew and as such he would have followed his aptitude. Children were seen in the same light from the moment they began to talk until the time that they emerged as a true adult. There were no perceptions that at a certain point in their lives they thought and felt differently to their parents and other adults. There was no realization that they had different needs at different ages and as such these

Born Blue by Han Nolan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Born Blue by Han Nolan - Essay Example They have access to health care, educational opportunities and decent food and lodgings. The poor are not so lucky. If you are born into poverty you are likely to have to fight for your right to have a roof over your head and food to eat. Healthcare is a joke and many of the schools in the poor districts have become urban ghettos where drive by shootings, muggings and fear rule the playground. Is this a bleak prediction for the future of America? Are things just going to get worse? Not necessarily. The problem is that the initiatives that are put in place by the government to help the poor in terms of affordable housing, access to health care and a decent education are aimed at the masses; when in fact it is on an individual level that things have to change. The baby born into the slums needs to be encouraged that they can better themselves. They need to be encouraged to dream and dream big. Because although the opportunities to succeed are a lot more hidden than they used to be, they are still there. "The whole time I lived with Patsy and Pete and Harmon and the babies that come an go, I loved Harmon and the ladies most, and almost everyday I lived there, which lasted almost three years, wed go to the basement and listen to the ladies sing. But Harmon didnt dance and I didnt sing. We was too scared to get the strap. Wed lay on the sour rug and dream we was singin and dancin, and I had me a stack of bread on a plate by my side for when I got so hungry I thought I would die". (Janie, aged 6, p. 6, Kindle edition) Dreaming – it is the one thing in life that is free. When Janie was little and living in the foster home she met up with her only friend, Harmon, who had old cassette tapes of some of the old time singers – Aretha Franklin and women like that. Janie and Harmon used to listen to the tapes to help them escape their reality – little food, harsh caregivers, neglect and drugged up parents. The problem is that

The concepts “community” Essay Example for Free

The concepts â€Å"community† Essay Assessment evidence shows that you can: †¢ critically discuss the meaning of the concepts â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† †¢ discuss some of the difficulties encountered when explaining these concepts †¢ provide a historical background of community development †¢ critically discuss how the meaning of these concepts has changed over time and how scholars influenced by different ideologies and disciplines have given diverse meanings to these concepts †¢ use evidence from the prescribed readings Critically discuss the meaning of the concepts â€Å"community† and â€Å"community development† Community Geographers emphasise spatial aspects, economists emphasise work and markets and sociologists emphasise social interactions and networks in their definitions of community. Community is also defined as people in a given geographical location, the word can really refer to any group sharing something in common. This may refer to smaller geographic areas a neighborhood, a housing project or development, a rural area or to a number of other possible communities within a larger, geographically-defined community. Examples of community: The Catholic community (or faith community, a term used to refer to one or more congregations of a specific faith). The arts community The African American community The education community The business community The homeless community The gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered community The medical community The Haitian community The elderly community Often when we think of community, we think in geographic terms. Our community is the city, town or village where we live. When community is defined through physical location, it has precise boundaries that are readily understood and accepted by others. Defining communities in terms of geography, however, is only one way of looking at them. Communities can also be defined by common cultural heritage, language, and beliefs or shared interests. These are sometimes called communities of interest. Even when community does refer to a geographic location, it doesn’t always include everyone within the area. For example, many Aboriginal communities are part of a larger non-Aboriginal geography. In larger urban centres, communities are often defined in terms of particular neighbourhoods. Most of us belong to more than one community, whether we’re aware of it or not. For example, an individual can be part of a neighbourhood community, a religious community and a community of shared interests all at the same time. Relationships, whether with people or the land, define a community for each individual. Community development The United Nations defines Community development as a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community development is a process where community members come together to take collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community wellbeing (economic, social, environmental and cultural) often evolves from this type of collective action being taken at a grassroots level. Community development ranges from small initiatives within a small group to large initiatives that involve the broader community. It is a broad term given to the practices of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens and professionals to improve various  aspects of communities, typically aiming to build stronger and more resilient local communities. Community development seeks to empower individuals and groups of people by providing them with the skills they need to cause in their communities. These skills are often created through the formation of large social groups working for a common agenda. Community developers must understand both how to work with individuals and how to affect communities positions within the context of larger social institutions. Community development as a term has taken off widely in anglophone countries i.e. the USA, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand and other countries in the Commonwealth. It is also used in some countries in eastern Europe with active community development associations in Hungary and Romania. The Community Development Journal, published by Oxford University Press, since 1966 has aimed to be the major forum for research and dissemination of international community development theory and practice. Community development approaches are recognised internationally. These methods and approaches have been acknowledged as significant for local social, economic, cultural, environmental and political development by such organisations as the UN, WHO, OECD, World Bank, Council of Europe and EU. Discuss some of the difficulties encountered when explaining these concepts Mayo (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) observes that it is not just that the term has been used ambiguously; it has been contested, fought over and appropriated for different uses and interests to justify different politics, policies and practices. Stacey (in Mae Shaw 2008:24) also states that the ambiguity of the term community also tells us something about its wider social significance and the way in which it continues to be appropriated to legitimise or justify a wide range of political positions, which might otherwise be regarded as incompatible. Kumar (2005:279) takes the debate further by looking at how the concept community has often been used in the implementation of community-based natural resource management (hereafter CBNRM) projects. The manner in which the term community is represented conceptually, socially, politically and geographically in CBNRM policies shapes the way in which relation- ships and administrative procedures are constituted and enacted. Mearns and Scoones (in Kumar 2005:279) argue that the concept of community has been taken for granted, especially, in policies, projects and also the literature dealing with the CBNRM. They argue that a community has been portrayed as a distinct social group in one geographical location, sharing common characteristics, in harmony and consensus: images that actually may be quite misguiding reflections of reality. Uphoff (in Kumar 2005:280) argues that CBNRM faces two particular problems in how the community is conceptualised, firstly, communities are not necessarily bounded social or geographical units, and nor are they likely to be homogeneous entities with single and agreed interests. It is this generalisation of community that has made the implementation of CBNRM difficult. Provide a historical background of community development One author traces its history back to the mid-19th- century USA, while another finds its origin in the early 20th-century history of the USA. One says it all started in India in 1921, and yet another would credit the 1931 Gandhian experiment in rural reconstruction as its beginnings. It is also claimed that the British colonial administrators of India were the creators of the elusive concept of community development. Critically discuss how the meaning of these concepts has changed over time and how scholars influenced by different ideologies and disciplines have given diverse meanings to these concepts Conclusion About the early history of community development there is as little agreement simply because there is no definition. Bibliography: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Community Tool Box website PeerNetBC website

Understanding And Promoting Children’s Development.

Understanding And Promoting Children’s Development. A childs development usually follows an expected patten, although children do develop at different rates but this usually follows a pattern. There are five key areas to keep in mind when working with children to help and identify if a child requires additional support. Keeping in mind development in a holistic way (the whole rather than parts of something). Physical Development This looks at a child’s physical movement but is divided into key parts. Gross motor skills:- Theses include jumping, hopping, skipping etc. and are more large limb movements. Fine motor skills:- Which include writing, painting, threading etc. these are more precise movements. Locomotive skills:- these include running, walking, balancing these are full body movements. Cognitive Development This is usually the way a child develops in their brain process. How a child uses skills in different ways. Creative and imaginative skills problem solving, using language to explain reasoning. Communication Development This looks at how a child communicates with someone, e.g. language to explain reading, writing and describing events. There are also non-verbal ways to communicate such as sign language. Social And Emotional Development This looks at feelings, self-esteem, self-expression and learning about others feelings this also covers a child’s understanding on behaviour and what is acceptable e.g. taking turns, co-operating with others and feeding one-self. Moral Development This is linked to social and emotional development and covers choices and decisions e.g. Not always going first in the line and letting someone else this also covers behaviour and attitudes towards others e.g. saying sorry even if its not their fault but knowing that it may make someone feel a little better. Climbing the ladder of a slide Physical, cognitive Playing football in a team Physical, cognitive, communication, social and emotional and moral. Using a pencil to write their name and draw a picture Physical, Cognitive, Communication, Social and Emotional development. Using a knife and fork to eat a meal Physical, Cognitive, Social and Emotional. Expected Stages Of Development Reserve gathered form Carolyn Meggitts child development book 0-6 Months Physical:- Babies lie supine (on their backs) with their head to one-side, Prone position (on their front). Cognitive babes will start to show a preference to tastes sweet over salty or sour. Startled by sudden noises. At around 3 months babies smile in response to speech. Often suck their lips at the sounds of food preparation. 6-12 Months Babies use their whole hand (palmer grasp) to pass things from one hand to the other. Start to understand the meanings of some words e.g. bye- bye mummy or daddy. When babies are around 9 months they will start to use a pincer grasp (finger and thumb) move arms and legs together when excited. Babies enjoy pointing at objects. 12-18 months At around 13 months most babies can walk but will fall-over frequently and sit down rather suddenly. Babies will start to show a preference for one hand over the other. By 15 months babies will copy you to build a tower of two cubes. Babies will understand more words such like show me, look at that. Babies are still shy with strangers. At 18 months babies can squat to pick up a toy,can thread large beads onto a lace. Babies are more eager for independence e.g. â€Å"me do it† 2-3 years At 2 years babies an throw a ball overhand but cannot yet catch one. Babies can copy simple lines and sometimes a v using their preferred hand. From 2  ½ years babies can recognise themselves in photos, they will continually ask questions what, who, why. 3-5 years At this age children can stand on tip-toe they can catch a ball with their arms outstretched start to understand the concept of one and lots of. Children often develop fears e.g. fear of the dark, as they become capable of pretending and imagining, at around 4 years children hold a pen or pencil in an adult fashion. Can wash and dry themselves. 5-7 years At this age children are more familiar with past/present and future and will talk about these with a good sense of time, show sympathy and comfort others who are hurt. At 6 years children can skip to music alternating their feet, draw people in some detail for instance eyebrows, eyelashes. Talk fluently and with confidence. 9-11 years Children start to differ in physical maturity, they may be curious about drugs, alcohol and tobacco. 11-13 years Children begin to experience conflict between parents values and peers, at this age children will start to go through puberty, this is different between the sexes. 13-19 years Children often feel misunderstood in the early part of this age range they all want to be accepted and liked. It is important to listen to their ideas and show them respect. Influence on development Personal Factors Problems during pregnancy and at birth. A child begins to develop at a the moment of conception, a healthy embryo is made up of 46 chromosomes, 23 from the egg (mother) and 23 from the sperm (father). If there are more or less than 46 It will have an effect on the way the child develops and learns. Down syndrome is caused by an extra chromosome, additional chromosome 21 which means the child will have 47 instead of 46. During pregnancy if the mother smokes takes drugs or drinks alcohol this will also affect the baby. Birth can influence a child’s development if a baby is born prematurely or suffers from lack of oxygen this can affect brain development. Reserve from NHS web How FAS Develops During Pregnancy Dr Raja Mukherjee says that when a mother consumes alcohol it goes around the placenta, because the foetus liver isn’t fully formed it cant metabolise the alcohol quickly enough. In turn it has a high blood alcohol concentration, therefore lacks oxygen and nutrients so organs and the brain don’t grow properly. White matter which is need to speed up the processes of information is sensitive to alcohol, so more the mother drinks alcohol more the foetus suffers. Professor Neil McIntosh says evidence shows that drinking during the six to nine weeks of pregnancy when the facial features are formed babies are more likely to suffer from facial deformities and that damage to the organs most likely happen in the first three months. Signs And Symptoms OF FAS Some signs may not show up until the child goes to school. Learning difficulties Language problems Lack of appropriate social boundaries (over friendliness to strangers) Poor short term memory Inability to grasp instructions Failure to learn from the consequences of their actions Egocentricity (excessive interest in oneself) Mixing reality and fiction Difficulty with group social interaction Poor problem solving and planning Hyperactivity and poor attention Poor co-ordination Health Genetic factors (passed on through parents) can have a impact on a child’s development the child may not be able to participate fully in physical or strenuous activities. Disabilities Many disabilities are genetic, children can be affected by a disability they were born with. Different disabilities affect development in different ways. Coeliac Disease (www.coeliac.uk) Coeliac disease is a common digestive condition where a person has an adverse reaction to gluten. This disease is not an allergy or an intolerance to gluten, the disease mistakenly attacks healthy tissue this causes symptoms such as Diarrhoea, Bloating and Flatulence, Abdominal pains, Weight loss, Feeling tired all the time and malnutrition due to not getting enough nutrients from food. This disease is a common condition and affects approx 1-100 people in the UK. This can cause frequent absences from school which in turn will affect the progress of a child’s learning it will not help a child to become friends with their peers and will influence a child’s confidence. Sickle Cell Disease (www.nhs choices) This is a serious inherited blood disorder where the red blood cells which carry oxygen around the body develop abnormally. The sickle cell gene is inherited from both parents, if only one parent has the gene then the child will have what’s know as sickle cell trait. Lifestyle an help the symptoms and drinking plenty of fluid can help. Symptoms can be Stroke Vulnerability to infection This disease can cause time away from school which impacts on a child’s learning and social skills leaving a child feeling very isolated. Turner Syndrome (www.your hormones) This is a chromosomal disorder and affects 1 in 2500 of girls, this is a inherited disorder and affects one of the female sex chromosome. Where as boys have x and y chromosome girls have x x this is an abnormality in one of the x chromosomes. This disorder causes short stature, delayed puberty, puffy hands along with other syndromes, this shouldn’t have much affect on a child’s learning in the early years how ever as a child develops and all around start puberty they wont which can lead to stress and depression. Although medication is available Turner syndrome will cause infertility. External Factors A child’s development can be affected by external factors. Poverty This is spilt into two groups Relative poverty:- is income related and concerns material things. Absolute poverty:- This is a lack of basic human needs e.g. shelter, food, warmth and education. Absolute poverty is rare in the UK. Family Background This can be were a child is from what’s know as a broken family, mum and dad split up and a child is torn between the two. This can have an impact on education as the child will be upset, going from one house to the other and leaving homework at one then worrying about getting into trouble at school. Housing Poor housing can lead to asthma in children, over crowding can lead to poor physical skills as there is no room to play. Family Circumstance Sometimes the family unit changes and as a result can have a effect on a child from long-term illness, bereavement or parental separation all these things can cause stress and changes in behaviour. Personal Choices And Decisions As a child gets older they want to become more independent as a result of this and with peer pressure children can make mistakes, drugs, alcohol and substance abuse can all have a effect on their body. Eating is also a choice by picking the wrong diet young people can become obese or under weight. Education A good education will enhance a child’s life, attending school on a daily basic will help the child to know rules and boundaries. Attending clubs and church will also help there social and moral development. Why Development May Not Follow The Expected Pattern Children develop at different rates and in their own time however if a child isn’t atchving certain milestones this may be a sign of delayed development and may need to be investigated. Emotional Influences When a child has their emotional needs met then it will have a positive impact on their learning. Just knowing that there is someone they trust and can talk to may make a huge impact. Physical Reasons Physical growth can have a impact on a child if they haven’t had much exercise as infants then their muscles wont be formed correctly. Environmental Factors Where a child grows up can impact on a child’s education. If say a child is a traveller and moves often therefore moving school frequently this will impact on their education. Cultural Reasons Different cultures see different values e.g. girls from boys some cultures see girls as home-makers and education isn’t need after the age of 11 if at all. Social Influences When a family structure changes this can also impact on a child if there is a death in the family, children comes to turns with things differently. Disability Children are not always born with disabilities but can develop them. Early Intervention This is crucial in identifying if a child needs help all schools will asses a child when starting so key areas can be picked up on and if any intervention is needed for that child.